From December 17-19 2024, the UNESCO Chair in Bioethics and Human Rights will hold its 10th international workshop to analyze and discuss “The Nature of Medicine and the Role of Physicians.” The study and conversations will focus on how different traditions understand the discipline of medicine and perceive the practitioners of the discipline. With the rapid advancement of medical science and technology, the discipline of medicine has been radically changed in recent years and the role of physicians have also been transformed accordingly. And so, it is important to discuss and to understand the redefinition of the medical field through the lens of different cultural and religious traditions.